Ma ka manaʻo ākea, pili ka electrochemical oxidation i ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa o ka electrochemistry, e pili ana i nā hopena electrochemical pololei a i ʻole pololei e kū ana ma ka electrode e pili ana i nā loina o ka hopena o ka hoʻemi ʻana. Ke manaʻo nei kēia mau hopena e hōʻemi a wehe paha i nā mea haumia mai ka wai ʻino.
ʻO ka wehewehe liʻiliʻi, pili pono ka electrochemical oxidation i ke kaʻina hana anodic. Ma kēia kaʻina hana, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hopena organik a i ʻole ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i loko o kahi cell electrolytic, a ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka manawa pololei, lawe ʻia nā electrons ma ka anode, e alakaʻi ana i ka oxidation o nā pūhui organik. ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā metala haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i nā ion metala kiʻekiʻe ma ka anode, a laila e komo i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā pūhui organik. ʻO ka maʻamau, hōʻike kekahi mau pūʻulu hana i loko o nā pūhui organik i ka hana electrochemical. Ma lalo o ka mana o ke kahua uila, ke hoʻololi nei ke ʻano o kēia mau pūʻulu hana, hoʻololi i nā waiwai kemika o nā pūhui organik, hōʻemi i kā lākou ʻona, a hoʻonui i ko lākou biodegradability.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka electrochemical oxidation i ʻelua mau ʻano: ka hoʻoheheʻe pololei a me ka hoʻokahe ʻole. ʻO ka oxidation pololei (direct electrolysis) e pili ana i ka wehe pololei ʻana i nā mea haumia mai ka wai ʻino ma o ka hoʻokahe ʻana iā lākou ma ka electrode. Aia kēia kaʻina hana i nā kaʻina anodic a me ka cathodic. ʻO ke kaʻina hana anodic e pili ana i ka oxidation o nā mea haumia ma ka ʻili anode, e hoʻohuli iā lākou i mau mea ʻona liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā mea ʻoi aku ka biodegradable, a laila e hōʻemi a hoʻopau paha i nā mea haumia. ʻO ke kaʻina hana cathodic e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā mea haumia ma ka ʻili cathode a hoʻohana mua ʻia no ka hōʻemi a me ka wehe ʻana i nā hydrocarbons halogenated a me ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā metala kaumaha.
Hiki ke kapa ʻia ke kaʻina hana cathodic he electrochemical reduction. Hoʻopili ia i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā electrons e hōʻemi i nā ion metala kaumaha e like me Cr6+ a me Hg2+ i loko o kā lākou mau mokuʻona haʻahaʻa. Eia hou, hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i nā pūhui organik chlorinated, e hoʻololi iā lākou i mea ʻawaʻawa a i ʻole nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou biodegradability:
R-Cl + H+ + e → RH + Cl-
ʻO ka oxidation indirect (indirect electrolysis) pili i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka electrochemically generated oxidizing a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa e like me nā reactants a i ʻole catalysts e hoʻololi i nā mea haumia i mau mea ʻona liʻiliʻi. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka electrolysis indirect i nā kaʻina reversible a me ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi. ʻO nā kaʻina hana hoʻohuli (mediated electrochemical oxidation) e pili ana i ka hana hou a me ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻano redox i ka wā o ke kaʻina electrochemical. ʻO nā kaʻina hana hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana i nā mea i hana ʻia mai nā hopena electrochemical hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi ʻia, e like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ikaika e like me Cl2, chlorates, hypochlorites, H2O2, a me O3, e hoʻoheheʻe i nā pūhui organik. Hiki i nā kaʻina hiki ke hoʻololi ke hoʻohua i nā intermediates oxidative nui loa, me nā electrons solvated, · HO radical, · HO2 radicals (hydroperoxyl radicals), a · O2- radicals (superoxide anions), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa a hoʻopau i nā mea haumia e like me ka cyanide, phenols, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand), a me S2- ions, e hoʻololi hope iā lākou i mau mea ʻino ʻole.
I ka hihia o ka anodic oxidation pololei, hiki i nā haʻahaʻa reactant ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hopena electrochemical surface ma muli o nā palena hoʻoili lehulehu, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i loaʻa kēia palena no nā kaʻina oxidation indirect. I loko o nā kaʻina hana hoʻokahe pololei a pololei ʻole, hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e pili ana i ka hana ʻana o ke kinoea H2 a i ʻole O2, akā hiki ke mālama ʻia kēia mau ʻaoʻao ma o ke koho ʻana i nā mea electrode a me ka mana hiki.
Ua ʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka oxidation electrochemical no ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino me nā ʻano kūlohelohe kiʻekiʻe, nā haku mele paʻakikī, ka nui o nā mea refractory, a me ka waihoʻoluʻu kiʻekiʻe. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā anodes me ka hana electrochemical, hiki i kēia ʻenehana ke hana pono i nā radical hydroxyl oxidative nui. Ke alakaʻi nei kēia kaʻina hana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā mea haumia kūlohelohe i loko o nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, nā mea biodegradable a me kā lākou mineralization piha i loko o nā pūhui e like me carbon dioxide a i ʻole carbonates.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-07-2023
