ʻOkika photoelectrochemical

ʻO nā ʻano hana hoʻomake photochemical no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā mea haumia e komo pū me nā kaʻina hana e pili ana i ka hoʻomake photochemical catalytic a me non-catalytic. Hoʻohana pinepine ka mea mua i ka oxygen a me ka hydrogen peroxide ma ke ʻano he oxidants a hilinaʻi i ka mālamalama ultraviolet (UV) e hoʻomaka i ka hoʻomake a me ka decomposition o nā mea haumia. ʻO ka mea hope, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻomake photocatalytic, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia he catalysis homogeneous a heterogeneous.

I ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa photocatalytic heterogeneous, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nui o nā mea semiconductor photosensitive i loko o ka ʻōnaehana haumia, i hui pū ʻia me kahi nui o ka radiation māmā. ʻO ka hopena kēia i ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana o nā hui "electron-hole" ma ka ʻili semiconductor photosensitive ma lalo o ka ʻike ʻana o ka mālamalama. Hoʻopili ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā mole wai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka semiconductor me kēia mau hui "electron-hole", e mālama ana i ka ikehu keu. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻāpana semiconductor e lanakila ma luna o nā pale hana thermodynamic a hana ma ke ʻano he catalysts i nā ʻano hana catalytic like ʻole, e hana ana i nā radical oxidative kiʻekiʻe e like me •HO. A laila hoʻomaʻamaʻa kēia mau radical i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o nā mea haumia ma o nā kaʻina hana e like me ka hoʻohui hydroxyl, ka hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka hoʻoili electron.

Hoʻopili nā ʻano hana hoʻomakeʻe photochemical i ka hoʻomakeʻe photosensitized, ka hoʻomakeʻe photoexcited, a me ka hoʻomakeʻe photocatalytic. Hoʻohui ka hoʻomakeʻe photochemical i ka hoʻomakeʻe kemika a me ka radiation e hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki a me ka hiki ke hoʻomakeʻe o nā hopena oxidation i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hoʻomakeʻe kemika pākahi a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka radiation. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka mālamalama ultraviolet ma ke ʻano he kumu radiation i ka hoʻomakeʻe photocatalytic.

Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi nui i hoʻoholo mua ʻia o nā oxidants e like me ka hydrogen peroxide, ozone, a i ʻole kekahi mau catalysts i loko o ka wai. He mea kūpono loa kēia ʻano hana no ka wehe ʻana i nā molekala organik liʻiliʻi, e like me nā dyes, i paʻakikī ke hoʻohaumia a loaʻa ka ʻawahia. Hoʻopuka nā hopena oxidation photochemical i nā radicals reactive he nui i loko o ka wai, kahi e hoʻopilikia koke ai i ke ʻano o nā hui organik.